Poco, you can use a TRX 250R axle in an '85 250R, and here is why. I hope this explanation adds some clarity for you: As Mr. Clean stated, the axle bearings are the same, so we know the axles will fit. Since the carriers are different, the axles have different sprocket hubs pressed onto them. The '86 sprocket hub has more offset to clear the wider carrier, so:
You cannot use an '85 axle in an '86-89 carrier because the sprocket hub will hit the carrier, due to less offset in the hub.
But, you can use an '86-89 axle in the '85 carrier as long as you use the '86-89 style sprocket and mounting bolts.
It's confusing I know. It seems if the 86 works on the 85, then the 85 should work on the 86, but it doesn't, and it's all because of the different offsets in the sprocket hubs.