For the compression, std. is Standard compression which on a 200m is 7.6:1. I would go with the 10.25:1 compression piston. It is a nice upgrade, you will be able to notice the power difference but it will not require the race gas. The higher compression piston will really help the low end power that you want. If you want to shift toward more top end power then you would be looking at swapping out the cam. A 200x cam is the next step up then the XR200 cam, followed by an aftermarket cam (depending on the type of aftermarket cam of course).
Do you need to replace the rod? Well that depends on what shape it is in now which you can't really tell without taking the motor apart. As long as the machine has been taken care of (never run with very low oil) and you don't hear any rod noise now then you probably don't have anything to worry about. Replacing the crank bearings is a good idea but again they may be ok still. I bought new bearings ($20) and had them pressed on my YTM crank ($40) but then you are splitting the case, not just doing a top end job.
As for the rear end, you can put a 200x on the 185s but it would require some cutting, grinding welding and fabrication skills. If you try it make sure to take pictures so others can follow later.
1984 Yamaha YT 60 Tri Zinger(current project)
1983 Yamaha YTM 200 (rear suspension kit)..... long term project
2004 BMW R1150R
1972 Honda CT 70
2007 Lifan 110